Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior. It is characterized by a wide range of symptoms and levels of impairment, hence the term “spectrum.” People with ASD may have difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication, such as understanding and using gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice.

Individuals with ASD often have repetitive behaviors and restricted interests, showing intense focus on specific topics or activities. They may also experience sensory sensitivities, reacting strongly to sounds, textures, or lights.

ASD begins in early childhood and lasts throughout a person’s life. The exact cause is not known, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Early signs of ASD may include lack of eye contact, delayed speech or social skills, and difficulty with changes in routine.